Prime Theory

Planets

    Planets is your personal 3D telescope, an app that allows the virtual exploration of the planets and moons of our solar system in high resolution. The Great Red Spot on Jupiter, the beautiful rings of Saturn, the mysterious structures of the Pluto's surface, all of these can now be seen in great detail with just a few mouse clicks.

Black Holes

   This is a 3D simulator of the mysterious stars called black holes and of their dynamics, a utility that belongs to our series of educational apps focused on showing you the Universe and its wonders.

Moons of Jupiter

   A freeware 3D tool that simulates the motion of Jupiter and of its four Galilean moons; moreover, the surface features of these cosmic bodies can be seen in great detail. Zoom in and out, basic information about each moon you are exploring, real speed ratios for the orbital rotations of the four moons - these are some of the most important features of this free application.

Moons of Saturn

   A freeware 3D tool that simulates the motion of Saturn and of its seven major moons; moreover, the surface features of these cosmic bodies can be seen in great detail. Zoom in and out, basic information about each moon you are exploring, real speed ratios for the orbital rotations of the four moons - these are some of the most important features of this free application.

Stars

   Stars allows the comfortable exploration of the most beautiful nebulae and constellations formed in our galaxy. The Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, the Butterfly and Horsehead nebulae are just a few of these amazing star patterns and cosmic structures that can be seen in great detail with this free application.

Galaxies

Galaxies, as your personal 3D telescope, allows the virtual exploration of the most beautiful galaxies in the Universe in high resolution. Sombrero, Cartwheel and Mice galaxies are just three of these amazing cosmic formations that can be seen in great detail with just a few mouse clicks.

Planets and Moons

Here is a suite of Android applications that lets you explore the most important planets and moons in our Solar System. Imagine you are traveling in a fast spaceship that can orbit these cosmic bodies, looking directly at their 3D surface and seeing their beautiful, strange features.

Particle simulation

This application simulates the behavior of a particle that freely floats in the granular fluid, as it was described by the Prime Theory of physics. It displays a simplified section view of a positron (or electron, meson, proton), a particle that is placed inside a two-dimensional box (enclosing a geometrical space of 10 x 10 units), and dense spatial fluxes that are flowing in random directions. The interactions between granules and charged particles are similar, no matter what concrete particle is currently selected; moreover, they are seen from the particle's local frame of reference, so the particles will be stationary.

In the case of electrons and positrons, there can be seen the simple interactions between a uniform, directional flux and the elementary particle. Essentially, all granules in the flux are reflected on the particle's surface, almost following the well known laws of reflection. Why almost? Checking the Prime Theory's hypotheses and postulates, we can see that the granular reflection mechanism differs a little bit from the optical reflection of photons due to some special characteristics of the granular motion.

In the case of composite particles, the granular distribution will significantly change over time and a big flux will be forming in the central region, between quarks. Within a few minutes after Start, most of the granules are moving in this region, being successively reflected on each particle's surface. At the end of the process, there will be a single, super-dense flux confined in that region. If seen from the Standard Model's perspective, all this are describing in fact how the gluonic field emerges. It's easy to observe how this field holds the particles together, how its repulsive force is balanced by the action of gravitational and electromagnetic fields. However, the real dynamics of a composite particle is more complex, obeying additional rules that are not implemented in this simple model. Nevertheless, we do not have to forget about the relativistic effects, as the whole particle is actually moving and spinning at a very high speed. This makes the gluonic field to be "mobile", "elastic" and "flexible" all the time, shifting its shape to be in synchronicity with the particle's global movement, and keeping this way the quarks bonded together in a stable structure.

How it works:

First versions of this application were entirely designed to simulate the granular collisions between local fluxes and a dense structure made up of rotating granules, inside 2D frameworks. All of our tests have shown that the structure tends to act as a whole when an appropriate value of the granular density is set. The internal granules seem to aggregate in several clusters, which are then continuing the global rotation; the normal change in shape was also noticed, demonstrating the tendency of particles to rotate in three dimensions. But a 3D environment would require a huge number of granules, making impossible for the simulation to run at the usual processor speeds. So, we have temporarily quit this kind of tests, focusing more on particle's field models.

Once the program is launched, the type of particles was selected and the diameter was set, the spatial "box" can be simply initialized by pressing Reset button. The chosen particle is shown in the center of the box; we used blue color for negatively charged particles and red for the other. For graphical purposes, to enhance the view and to speed up the reflection process, all particles will have a higher curvature and a bigger width.

The granular collisions begin when the Start button is pressed. Each granule will make a 'step' on its arbitrary, but linear trajectory. If a granule bumps into the central particle, it will be reflected back; otherwise, it will continue to move linearly. This cycle is repeated indefinitely until the Stop button is hit; if the Shot button is pressed, the current configuration of the box is saved. The number of cycles and collisions are displayed in the left-side fields, along with the average speed of this process. In case of composite particles, you have to wait a while (about 2 or 3 minutes) until the granular flux concentrates significantly in the region between quarks; the elapsed time is displayed (minutes : seconds) in the left-bottom field.

Due to the relative low number of granules and due to the difficulty in implementing the entire granular kinematics, the real electric and gravitational fields cannot be included in this simulation; a much higher optimization in the coding algorithms and several multi-core threads will allow these to add them in the future, along with the particle's global motion.

Conclusion:

This software model does not prove the Prime Theory. It only proves that its principles and postulates related to the elementary particles and the unification of all known fields into a unique granular motion can be possible. All the mathematical approximations and formulas that were used in this simulation may correctly emulate the real interactions at quantum scale and beyond. However, a complete 3D simulation of the sub-quantum world's granular mechanics, which might really demonstrate the theory, seems to require much more computer power and resources.

Elementary particles

This application simulates the behavior of a compact granular structure (the yellow flux) inside a bi-dimensional box (enclosing a geometrical space of 10 x 10 units). The hypothetical particle moves vertically, while the nonuniform flux flows horizontally. The spatial granules interact with the ones of the compact structure, and, as we already know, the global momentum is conserved during this process. A single remark should be added here: the compact flux has to be considered an individual, unique formation. Although every collision obey the conservation rule in this implementation, the yellow structure lacks the global "glue" provided by gravity.

There are four horizontal fluxes to choose from, of different magnitude and gradient type. As the compact flux flows vertically, to the upper side of the box, its direction is continuously changed due to the granular collisions of the horizontal flux. In case this flux would be uniform, the yellow formation will slowly change direction to the right, maintaining as much is possible its rectangular form.

If nonuniform fluxes are selected, the yellow formation will bend while moving upwards, getting a higher curvature as the local density of the flux increases.